有了服务器之后免不了一些杂七杂八的东西需要配置，这篇博客集合相关的命令小帖子，方便查阅。

Essential Softwares

• Matlab
• 向日葵 Sunlogin，
• Zotero
• VS code
• Install Boost for C++ programmers, sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev, link
• pandoc(optional) is a powerful tool to transform documentation from one format to another, e.g. word, latex, markdown.
• mathpix
• GrindEQ save word document to latex format.
• Klatexformula transform latex formulas to image format.

Softwares Helpful For Windows Users

• openSSH server and client，安装之后重启，用有管理员权限的 Powershell 启动 sshd 并设置其开机自动启动。

# Start the sshd service
Start-Service sshd

# OPTIONAL but recommended:
Set-Service -Name sshd -StartupType 'Automatic'

# Confirm the firewall rule is configured. It should be created automatically by setup.
Get-NetFirewallRule -Name *ssh*

# There should be a firewall rule named "OpenSSH-Server-In-TCP", which should be enabled
# If the firewall does not exist, create one
New-NetFirewallRule -Name sshd -DisplayName 'OpenSSH Server (sshd)' -Enabled True -Direction Inbound -Protocol TCP -Action Allow -LocalPort 22

• 迅雷，link
• Wechat, link; QQ, link
• git / git bash for Windows, link, 装完 git 之后可以继续配置 ssh，可以参看
• Python Releases for Windows and virtual environment tool
• Office suite

Softwares Helpful For Ubuntu Users

For C/C++ Programmers

• CMake, sudo snap install cmake (take a ladder if the speed unsatisfactory)
• gcc-10,

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install gcc-10 g++-10

• Clang, sudo bash -c "$(wget -O - https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh)", updated Aug 13 2021 from https://apt.llvm.org/, clang used the header library of gcc on ubuntu, so install gcc latest version if you want latest features.
• Configure CMake and choose a kit (clang suggested) for VS code, link

For Python programmers

• Python and its virtual environment tool

Mirror Source

python使用pip安装第三方库（工具包）速度慢、超时、失败的解决方案

# 以中科大的镜像源为例
$ pip install matplotlib -i https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

Network Protocol and Connection

ssh

• How to Enable SSH on Ubuntu 20.04

• 服务器登录 ssh 配置: 免密登录与快速登录 阿里云开发者社区

  注意在配置免密登录时，被 ssh 连接的服务器端中 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 这是个文件，不是文件夹。如果这台服务器之前没有被免密登录过，这个文件可能不存在，你需要自己创建它 touch authorized_keys。然后把你的客户端的公钥文件 ~/.ssh/***.pub 中的内容全部复制粘贴到 authorized_keys 里面。

• Ubuntu Linux: Start, Stop, Restart, Reload OpenSSH Server

# 对我的 Ubuntu 20.04 经常这么操作
$ sudo systemctl start ssh
$ sudo systemctl status ssh # 检查是否开启成功

内网穿透 by nat123

• nat123软件linux版linux2.8及以上版本的安装启动教程

$ cd /the-path-to-nat123/folder
$ mono  nat123linux.sh  # run nat123, and then input your account and password.
$ mono  nat123linux.sh service &  # run at background and auto-login the  account last time loginned.
$ ps  -ef|grep  nat123  # check the nat123 status.

• nat123软件linux版开机自动登录启动示例

GPU

CUDA

• How to get the CUDA version?

  	$ nvcc --version # check the nvcc compiler version
  	$ /usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc --version # gives the CUDA compiler version
  

• How to check which CUDA version is installed on Linux
• Cupy Installation

  	$ python -m pip install -U setuptools pip
  	$ pip install cupy-cuda111 # The cudaXXX-number must exactly match your CUDA version
  

Jupyter Notebook

Start Jupyter notebook on a remote server [1]

nohup jupyter notebook

where nohup let it run in daemon mode, keeps Jupyter safe from ssh disconnections.

lsof -ti:8888 | xargs kill

closes Jupyter by killing the process on the specified port.